The advertising and marketing of unhealthful foods and beverages via cross-promotions and premiums, such as toys and other incentives, may contribute to the development of unhealthy eating patterns and obesity, particularly in children. Santa Clara and San Francisco Counties (Calif.) passed separate ordinances on May 21, 2010 and November 9, 2010, respectively, preventing restaurants from offering toys or other incentive items to children in conjunction with unhealthful food and beverage choices. Timely evaluation of the impact of these policies is critical as other localities consider adopting similar policies. Therefore, the aims of this study are to: 1) capture relevant menu changes following policy implementation, including menu modifications/reformulations, price changes, and marketing variations; 2) study the impacts of the ordinances on specific food and beverage choices and parent perception and behavior regarding menu choices for their children; and 3) document each County’s efforts to implement and enforce the ordinance and explore media response. This study will utilize a quasi-experimental, parallel-group based matched design to compare pre-post effects on 8 Santa Clara County fast food restaurants and a pre-post design in San Francisco County to compare 19 McDonald’s and 11 Burger King restaurants before and after the ordinance goes into effect. Data sources will include restaurant and menu audits, parent point-of-purchase surveys, restaurant environment observations, content analysis of media coverage, and County monitoring of implementation and enforcement.
Start Date: November 2010
ID #: 68301
Principal Investigator: Abby King, PhD
Organization: Stanford University School of Medicine
Funding Round: Rapid-Response Round 3
Age Groups: Adults and Families, Elementary-age children (grades K to 5), Preschool-age children (ages 3 to 5), Young adolescents (grades 6 to 8)
State: California
Keywords: Fast food, Food advertising, Food formulation, Food outlet, Media, Restaurant
Focus Areas: Food Marketing, Food Retail
Resource Type: Grant Summary
Race/Ethnicity: Multi-racial/ethnic
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