In 2019, Healthy Eating Research (HER) developed recommendations on what children ages 0 to 5 should drink as part of a healthy diet, in partnership with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, and the American Heart Association. Having one set of uniform recommendations provided by health professionals is a key step towards getting U.S. children on a path to drinking healthier beverages. In addition to the HER consensus beverage recommendations, there are a number of guidelines and recommendations set forth by the Federal government on beverage consumption for young children including the 1) Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) 2020-2025, 2) Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), and 3) Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP). This brief identifies the areas of misalignment (between the consensus beverage recommendations and DGA, WIC, CACFP) and key opportunities for better alignment in U.S. policy guidance. To improve young children’s beverage consumption habits, guidance at the Federal level needs to be consistent and based on the most recent evidence available. Further, nutrition education efforts also need to be aligned to ensure parents and caregivers don’t receive conflicting information from the various providers who care for their children (pediatricians, pediatrics dentists, child care providers, registered dietitians, etc.).
Published: May 2023
Publisher: Healthy Eating Research
Authors: Kirsten Deuman
Focus Areas: Beverages, Early Childhood, Nutrition Policy & Programs
Keywords: Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), Sugar-sweetened beverages, Water, Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
Age Groups: Pregnant women, infants and toddlers (ages 0 to 2), Preschool-age children (ages 3 to 5)
Resource Type: Research Brief
Related Research
April 2026
Policy Priorities and Research Needs for Advancing Healthy Eating: A 2026-2027 Research Agenda for U.S. Children and Adolescents
Given recent changes to nutrition policies and programs and the food environment landscape, the need for new evidence on how these changes impact nutrition, health, and food access is greater than ever. HER has also published a research agenda intended to provide a blueprint for immediate (i.e., 12-18 month) research needs to inform strategies to MoreNovember 2025
Informing equitable implementation of SNAP food restriction waivers
SNAP is the largest federally funded nutrition assistance program in the U.S., providing support to more than 40 million Americans. This study aims to provide tangible information, insights, and resources grounded in SNAP participants’ preferences and feedback to support the implementation and communication of SNAP Food Restriction waivers, minimizing barriers to SNAP participation and benefit MoreNovember 2025