Published: February 2023

Publisher: Healthy Eating Research

Authors: Miller L, Lott M, Story M

See more related research

Share


The national school breakfast and lunch programs administered by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) are cornerstone federal nutrition assistance programs. School meals are one of the healthiest sources of foods for school-age children, which is significant as some children receive up to half of their daily calories at school. Policy opportunities in 2023 could align school meal nutrition standards with the 2020-2025 DGA. Healthy Eating Research conducted a Rapid Health Impact Assessment (HIA) to better understand how these changes may impact the nutritional quality of school meals and school meal participation and the impact of meal consumption on students’ health and academic performance. This report follows a Rapid HIA conducted by HER in 2020 on a USDA-proposed rule to roll back many of the school meal nutrition standards at that time. This HIA is intended to connect existing research on school nutrition and health with the potential policy changes forthcoming from USDA that would align the school meal nutrition standards with the 2020-2025 DGA. Specifically, this Rapid HIA examines the potential impacts of changes to the nutritional quality of school meals on school meal participation, student dietary consumption, students’ health and wellbeing, and academic performance.

Download the Full Report here.

Download the Executive Summary for a summary of key findings.

Read the Press Release. 

Related Research

July 2026

Forecasting WIC Funding Needs: Supporting Families, Strengthening Access

In partnership with Westat and with support from Healthy Eating Research, the National WIC Association (NWA) developed a new forecasting model to project funding needs of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) for Fiscal Year 2027. Report This report describes the model development, including methodology, as well as analysis conducted More

May 2026

SNAP participation and the healthfulness of food purchased by households with children during the pandemic

Changes in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic included emergency benefit allotments and operation waivers. Using five expenditure-based measures of the nutritional quality of food purchases, we tested whether changes in SNAP during the first year of the pandemic were associated with better nutritional quality of food purchases More

May 2026

SNAP Decisions: Qualitative Research on the Perceived Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Benefit Changes on Food Purchases

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants experienced changes in benefits alongside the evolving social and economic environment. Understanding how these factors may have influenced food purchasing decisions can clarify SNAP’s role in shaping diet quality. This study aimed to document SNAP participants’ perspectives on how benefit changes during the pandemic influenced More